Category:Consul: Difference between revisions

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[[Category:Occupations]]
[[Category:Occupations]]
As the colony of South Australia and City of Adelaide grew in importance as both an importer and exporter of goods from Europe, Australia and Asia and a destination for German migrants, various German states nominated consuls to act on the behalf of their governments and to assist citizens of their countries in the colony. Usually these consuls were Germans and usually with a birth of other link to the specific German country, but sometimes non-Germans also served. Below is a list of consuls identified to date, under each German country the represented, and where a German speaker was nominated as the consul for a non-German state. The dates represent the time periods where the independent state was still responsible for foreign diplomatic matters.
As the colony of South Australia and City of Adelaide grew in importance as both an importer and exporter of goods from Europe, Australia and Asia and a destination for German migrants, various German states nominated consuls to act on the behalf of their governments and to assist citizens of their countries in the colony. There was also an expectation that economic ties would be formed, both for imports of people and goods, and exports. To this end, consuls often had there own business as shipping agents or import/export merchants, as well as a strong business network both in the colony, in the German shipping ports of Bremen and Hamburg and in the states they represented.
 
Usually these consuls were Germans and usually with birth or other link to the specific German country, but sometimes non-Germans also served. Below is a list of consuls identified to date, under each German country the represented, and where a German speaker was nominated as the consul for a non-German state. The dates represent the time periods where the independent state was still responsible for foreign diplomatic matters.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|+
! colspan="2" |'''Bremen (Free Hanseatic City) 1646-1871'''
! colspan="2" |
=== German States ===
|-
|-
|1855 - 1857
! colspan="2" |'''Hamburg (Free Hanseatic City) 1189-1868'''
|Hermann Conrad Stakemann
|-
|-
|1860 - 1866
|1847 - 1852
|Gustav Louis Theodore von der Heyde<ref name=":0">{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50162388 |title=LEVEE AT GOVERNMENT HOUSE. |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]]  |volume=XXVI, |issue=2590 |location=South Australia |date=26 May 1862 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|[[Hermann Conrad Stakemann (1807-1890)|Hermann Conrad Stakemann]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article48727828 |title=APPOINTMENTS. |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]]  |volume=XII, |issue=796 |location=South Australia |date=1 January 1848 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|-
|1868   
|1852 - 1868
|Hugo Carl Emil Mücke
|[[Bernhard Amsberg (1827-1902)|Bernhard Amsberg]]<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41399325 |title=THE GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]] |volume=XXXII, |issue=6835  |location=South Australia |date=2 October 1868 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Chile
|1868
|Became part of North German Federation
|-
! colspan="2" |'''Bremen (Free Hanseatic City) 1646-1868'''
|-
|1845 - 1857
| [[Hermann Conrad Stakemann (1807-1890)|Hermann Conrad Stakemann]] <ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27450921 |title=The South Australian Register. ADELAIDE: SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1845. |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]]  |location=South Australia |date=20 September 1845 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|1859 - 1866
|[[Gustav Ludwig Theodor von der Heyde (1834 - 1891)|Gustav Louis Theodore von der Heyde]]<ref name=":0">{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50162388 |title=LEVEE AT GOVERNMENT HOUSE. |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]]  |volume=XXVI, |issue=2590  |location=South Australia |date=26 May 1862 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article158127620 |title=THE QUEEN'S BIRTHDAY. |newspaper=[[Adelaide Observer]]  |volume=XVII, |issue=920  |location=South Australia |date=21 May 1859 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28787799 |title=HEADS OF INTELLIGENCE. |newspaper=[[The South Australian Advertiser]]  |location=South Australia |date=29 May 1866 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|1866 - 1868 
|[[Hugo Carl Emil Mücke (1842-1929)|Hugo Carl Emil Mücke]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41018355 |title=THE GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]]  |volume=XXX, |issue=6084  |location=South Australia |date=4 May 1866 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref name=":1" />
|-
|1868
|Became part of North German Federation
|-
! colspan="2" |'''Prussia (Kingdom) 1701-1868'''
|-
|1849 - 1855 
| [[Hermann Conrad Stakemann (1807-1890)|Hermann Conrad Stakemann]] <ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article158928373 |title=LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. |newspaper=[[Adelaide Observer]]  |volume=VII, |issue=338  |location=South Australia |date=15 December 1849 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|-
|1862
|1855 - 1867
|A. Gaedechens
|[[Francis Stacker Dutton (1818-1877)|Francis Stacker Dutton]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49295386 |title=CONSUL OF PRUSSIA |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]]  |volume=XIX, |issue=2805  |location=South Australia |date=21 September 1855 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Denmark (Kingdom)
|1867 - 1868
|[[Adolph von Treuer (1822-1894)|Adolph von Treuer]]<ref name=":2">{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28799382 |title=RECEPTION OF H.R.H. THE DAUKE OF EDINBURGH. OF EDINBURGH. |newspaper=[[The South Australian Advertiser]]  |location=South Australia |date=22 July 1867 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref name=":1" />
|-
|-
|1862
|1868
|A. Gaedechens
|Became part of North German Federation
|-
|-
|1871 - 1882
! colspan="2" |'''Württemberg (Kingdom) 1805-1918'''
|A. von Treuer
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |'''Hamburg (Free Hanseatic City) 1189-1871'''
|1863 - 1866 
|[[Francis Stacker Dutton (1818-1877)|Francis Stacker Dutton]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article159498241 |title=CONSULS FOR NETHERLANDS AND PRUSSIA AND WURTEMBERG. |newspaper=[[Adelaide Observer]]  |volume=XXIII, |issue=1253  |location=South Australia |date=7 October 1865 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13081390 |title=ADELAIDE. |newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]  |volume=XLVIII, |issue=7832  |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 July 1863 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|-
|1846 - 1852
|1866 - 1871
|Hermann Conrad Stakemann
| [[Adolph von Treuer (1822-1894)|Adolph von Treuer]] <ref name=":2" />
|-
|-
|1852 - 1868
|1871
|[[Bernhard Amsberg (1827-1902)|Bernhard Amsberg]]<ref name=":0" />
|Became part of the German Empire
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |'''Hanover (Kingdom) 1814-1866'''
! colspan="2" |'''Hanover (Kingdom) 1814-1866'''
|-
|-
|1857 - 1862
|1849 - 1866
|C. Meyer
|[[Christian Ludwig Meyer (1809-1893)|Christian Ludwig Meyer]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article48548041 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]]  |volume=XVII, |issue=2161  |location=South Australia |date=19 August 1853 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50247639 |title=HANOVERIAN CONSUL AT ADELAIDE. |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]]  |volume=XIII, |issue=963  |location=South Australia |date=4 August 1849 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|1866
|Became part of Kingdom of Prussia
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |'''Mecklenburg-Schwerin (Grand Duchy) 1814-1871'''
! colspan="2" |'''Mecklenburg-Schwerin (Grand Duchy) 1814-1871'''
|-
|-
|1852 - 1868
|1852 - 1872
|[[Bernhard Amsberg (1827-1902)|Bernhard Amsberg]]<ref name=":0" />
|[[Bernhard Amsberg (1827-1902)|Bernhard Amsberg]]<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207725555 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Express And Telegraph]]  |volume=IX, |issue=2,730  |location=South Australia |date=6 December 1872 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=3 (SECOND EDITION.) |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|1871
|Became part of German Empire
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |'''North German Confederation (Federated State) 1866-1871'''
! colspan="2" |'''North German Confederation (Federated State) 1866-1871'''
|-
|-
|1866 - 1871
|1868 - 1871
|A. von Treuer
| [[Adolph von Treuer (1822-1894)|Adolph von Treuer]] <ref name=":1" />
|-
|1871
|Expanded to form the German Empire
|-
! colspan="2" |'''Austro-Hungarian Empire (Dual KIngdom) (1867–1918)'''
|-
|1884 - 1887
|[[Adolph von Treuer (1822-1894)|Adolph von Treuer]] <ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199151910 |title=The Austrian Consul. |newspaper=[[Evening Journal]]  |volume=XIX, |issue=5592  |location=South Australia |date=20 May 1887 |accessdate=14 October 2023 |page=3 (SECOND EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Portugal (Kingdom)
! colspan="2" |German Empire (Federated State) 1871-1918
|-
|-
|1862
|1871 - 1882
|A. Gaedechens
| [[Adolph von Treuer (1822-1894)|Adolph von Treuer]] <ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208254654 |title=GENERAL NEWS. |newspaper=[[The Express And Telegraph]]  |volume=XIX, |issue=5,415  |location=South Australia |date=1 February 1882 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=2 (SECOND EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-! colspan="2" |'''German Empire (Federated State) 1871-1918'''
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |'''Prussia (Kingdom) 1701-1871'''
|1883 - 1914
|[[Hugo Carl Emil Mücke (1842-1929)|Hugo Carl Emil Mücke]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article148106112 |title=Government Gazette Items. |newspaper=[[The Mount Barker Courier And Onkaparinga And Gumeracha Advertiser]]  |volume=3, |issue=128  |location=South Australia |date=16 March 1883 |accessdate=14 October 2023 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article95285331 |title=A SURPRISED CONSUL. |newspaper=[[Port Pirie Recorder And North Western Mail]]  |issue=107  |location=South Australia |date=8 August 1914 |accessdate=14 October 2023 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|-
|1851 - 1852  
! colspan="2" |
|Hermann Conrad Stakemann
=== Non-German States ===
|-
|-
|1855 - 1868
! colspan="2" |Chile
|Francis Stacker Dutton
|-
|-
|1868 - 1871
|1862 - 1870
|A. von Treuer
|A. Gaedechens<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article39190489 |title=THE QUEEN'S BIRTHDAY. |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]]  |volume=XXXII, |issue=6725  |location=South Australia |date=26 May 1868 |accessdate=12 October 2023 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28591847 |title=THE QUEEN'S BIRTHDAY. |newspaper=[[The South Australian Advertiser]]  |location=South Australia |date=25 May 1870 |accessdate=14 October 2023 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |'''Württemberg (Kingdom) 1805-1918'''
! colspan="2" |Denmark (Kingdom)
|-
|1862 - 1870
|A. Gaedechens<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />
|-
|-
|1865 - 1866  
! colspan="2" |Portugal (Kingdom)
|Francis Stacker Dutton
|-
|-
|1866 - 1871
|1862 - 1870
|A. von Treuer
|A. Gaedechens<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />
|-
|-


|
! colspan="2" |Belgium (Kingdom)
|
|-
|1868 - 1870
|A. Gaedechens<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />
|}
|}


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Latest revision as of 02:59, 14 October 2023

As the colony of South Australia and City of Adelaide grew in importance as both an importer and exporter of goods from Europe, Australia and Asia and a destination for German migrants, various German states nominated consuls to act on the behalf of their governments and to assist citizens of their countries in the colony. There was also an expectation that economic ties would be formed, both for imports of people and goods, and exports. To this end, consuls often had there own business as shipping agents or import/export merchants, as well as a strong business network both in the colony, in the German shipping ports of Bremen and Hamburg and in the states they represented.

Usually these consuls were Germans and usually with birth or other link to the specific German country, but sometimes non-Germans also served. Below is a list of consuls identified to date, under each German country the represented, and where a German speaker was nominated as the consul for a non-German state. The dates represent the time periods where the independent state was still responsible for foreign diplomatic matters.

German States

Hamburg (Free Hanseatic City) 1189-1868
1847 - 1852 Hermann Conrad Stakemann[1]
1852 - 1868 Bernhard Amsberg[2][3]
1868 Became part of North German Federation
Bremen (Free Hanseatic City) 1646-1868
1845 - 1857 Hermann Conrad Stakemann [4]
1859 - 1866 Gustav Louis Theodore von der Heyde[2][5][6]
1866 - 1868 Hugo Carl Emil Mücke[7][3]
1868 Became part of North German Federation
Prussia (Kingdom) 1701-1868
1849 - 1855 Hermann Conrad Stakemann [8]
1855 - 1867 Francis Stacker Dutton[9]
1867 - 1868 Adolph von Treuer[10][3]
1868 Became part of North German Federation
Württemberg (Kingdom) 1805-1918
1863 - 1866 Francis Stacker Dutton[11][12]
1866 - 1871 Adolph von Treuer [10]
1871 Became part of the German Empire
Hanover (Kingdom) 1814-1866
1849 - 1866 Christian Ludwig Meyer[13][14]
1866 Became part of Kingdom of Prussia
Mecklenburg-Schwerin (Grand Duchy) 1814-1871
1852 - 1872 Bernhard Amsberg[2][15]
1871 Became part of German Empire
North German Confederation (Federated State) 1866-1871
1868 - 1871 Adolph von Treuer [3]
1871 Expanded to form the German Empire
Austro-Hungarian Empire (Dual KIngdom) (1867–1918)
1884 - 1887 Adolph von Treuer [16]
German Empire (Federated State) 1871-1918
1871 - 1882 Adolph von Treuer [17]
1883 - 1914 Hugo Carl Emil Mücke[18][19]

Non-German States

Chile
1862 - 1870 A. Gaedechens[2][20][21]
Denmark (Kingdom)
1862 - 1870 A. Gaedechens[10][2][20][21]
Portugal (Kingdom)
1862 - 1870 A. Gaedechens[10][2][20][21]
Belgium (Kingdom)
1868 - 1870 A. Gaedechens[20][21]


  •  
  1. ↑ "APPOINTMENTS". South Australian Register. Vol. XII, , no. 796. South Australia. 1 January 1848. p. 3. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  2. ↑ Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "LEVEE AT GOVERNMENT HOUSE". South Australian Register. Vol. XXVI, , no. 2590. South Australia. 26 May 1862. p. 2. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  3. ↑ Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "THE GOVERNMENT GAZETTE". South Australian Register. Vol. XXXII, , no. 6835. South Australia. 2 October 1868. p. 3. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  4. ↑ "The South Australian Register. ADELAIDE: SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1845". South Australian Register. South Australia. 20 September 1845. p. 3. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  5. ↑ "THE QUEEN'S BIRTHDAY". Adelaide Observer. Vol. XVII, , no. 920. South Australia. 21 May 1859. p. 4. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  6. ↑ "HEADS OF INTELLIGENCE". The South Australian Advertiser. South Australia. 29 May 1866. p. 2. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  7. ↑ "THE GOVERNMENT GAZETTE". South Australian Register. Vol. XXX, , no. 6084. South Australia. 4 May 1866. p. 3. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  8. ↑ "LOCAL INTELLIGENCE". Adelaide Observer. Vol. VII, , no. 338. South Australia. 15 December 1849. p. 2. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  9. ↑ "CONSUL OF PRUSSIA". South Australian Register. Vol. XIX, , no. 2805. South Australia. 21 September 1855. p. 3. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  10. ↑ Jump up to: 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 "RECEPTION OF H.R.H. THE DAUKE OF EDINBURGH. OF EDINBURGH". The South Australian Advertiser. South Australia. 22 July 1867. p. 2. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  11. ↑ "CONSULS FOR NETHERLANDS AND PRUSSIA AND WURTEMBERG". Adelaide Observer. Vol. XXIII, , no. 1253. South Australia. 7 October 1865. p. 4. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  12. ↑ "ADELAIDE". The Sydney Morning Herald. Vol. XLVIII, , no. 7832. New South Wales, Australia. 14 July 1863. p. 4. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  13. ↑ "Advertising". South Australian Register. Vol. XVII, , no. 2161. South Australia. 19 August 1853. p. 1. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  14. ↑ "HANOVERIAN CONSUL AT ADELAIDE". South Australian Register. Vol. XIII, , no. 963. South Australia. 4 August 1849. p. 4. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  15. ↑ "Advertising". The Express And Telegraph. Vol. IX, , no. 2, 730. South Australia. 6 December 1872. p. 3 (SECOND EDITION.). Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  16. ↑ "The Austrian Consul". Evening Journal. Vol. XIX, , no. 5592. South Australia. 20 May 1887. p. 3 (SECOND EDITION). Retrieved 14 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  17. ↑ "GENERAL NEWS". The Express And Telegraph. Vol. XIX, , no. 5, 415. South Australia. 1 February 1882. p. 2 (SECOND EDITION). Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  18. ↑ "Government Gazette Items". The Mount Barker Courier And Onkaparinga And Gumeracha Advertiser. Vol. 3, , no. 128. South Australia. 16 March 1883. p. 3. Retrieved 14 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  19. ↑ "A SURPRISED CONSUL". Port Pirie Recorder And North Western Mail. No. 107. South Australia. 8 August 1914. p. 3. Retrieved 14 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  20. ↑ Jump up to: 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 "THE QUEEN'S BIRTHDAY". South Australian Register. Vol. XXXII, , no. 6725. South Australia. 26 May 1868. p. 2. Retrieved 12 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  21. ↑ Jump up to: 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 "THE QUEEN'S BIRTHDAY". The South Australian Advertiser. South Australia. 25 May 1870. p. 2. Retrieved 14 October 2023 – via National Library of Australia.

Pages in category "Consul"

The following 4 pages are in this category, out of 4 total.

A

S

V

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